Xenophanes (700 BC) - the first critic of History - censorship corruption of the Greek gods, these inflate the human passions. "Revenge is the pleasure of the Gods " derived human conflict in violent acts, the companies found a limit and this prevented them from increasing their population.
"The fact that greatly affects the prosperity .... is the increase in population." Adam Smith.
societies advanced policies much in the different levels of ideas, science, technology and art, due to its open condition.
"The truth is objective, even when standing on it will not be able to recognize" . Xenophanes
The nature of the human mind demands certainties, absolutes, man seeks attain certain knowledge and need to be at peace with his conscience.
"The saints who realized the revelation that only men could give absolute certainty, they were right. " Ludwig von Mises .
In Exodus 32, Moses down from Mount Sinai and its people find a new process involved in self-destructive, he said, "Who esaa the Lord's side? Who would you join me ..... And I said Thus says Yahweh, the God of Israel; Stick every man his sword to the thigh and review .... pass over the camp from one to the other door and kill every man his brother, his friend, his kinsman ... " And died that day half of the people.
After a while down again Moses from Mount Sinai, tables bringing the 10 Commandments, which were the first moral code (the first Constitution). Birth of revealed truth, monotheism was born.
"But also how these commandments are supposed to emanate from a superhuman authority, human thought has no right to intervene. It would be a contradiction to attribute such an origin and to allow the critic." Durkheim E .
The man's attempt to return to unleash their natural instincts and get rid of the heavy moral standards, was a recurring theme in history, like rain in nature.
religion imposes on its believers a comprehensive program of dogmas and practices being present in all life circumstances temporary. E. Durkheim.
superhuman authority, coupled with the extensive range of practices and dogmas gave man and seized absolute certainties reluctant to end the trend of abandonment of moral standards. Social groups who adhered to this strategy is imposed on others by its greater cohesion and this allowed them to grow in number.
This important benefit, brought with it two negative effects: the first was the abandonment of the Open Society and birth - under special circumstances - religious fanaticism. Now the truth is subjective and relies on the superhuman authority or his agent or interpreter.
The second negative effect was that the moral standards by limiting human instincts, created in man a great contradiction between his mind and body. The prayer was the most appropriate tool to achieve through the mind, the mastery of human passions.
"Make a man cut in two and a half faced against each other. I do taught that their body and consciousness are intertwined enemies in a deadly struggle, two antagonists of opposite natures, contradictory claims, incompatible needs, that is harm to benefit one another, that his soul belongs to a supernatural realm, but his body evil is a prison that keeps you in bondage in this land; and that good is beating the body, to undermine it by years of patient struggle, digging a path to the exit that leads to glorious freedom of the grave " A. Rand's "Atlas Shrugged."
Religions are the guardians of moral standards, the churches work on the limits of reason and now have the challenge of harmonizing the resurgence of the Open Society accompanying and watching the miracles of science, while accompany man in the reconciliation between mind and body. Because
"Happiness is a state of non-contradictory joy, a joy without penalty or guilt, a joy that does not conflict with any of your values and that leads to your own destruction. " A. Rand
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